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What are the recommended provisions for a Real Estate Option Agreement?

Introduction

A Real Estate Option Agreement is a contract that gives a potential buyer the exclusive right to purchase a property within a specified period at a predetermined price. This type of agreement is commonly used in real estate transactions to secure the property while the buyer arranges financing or conducts due diligence. In Kenya, the provisions for such agreements are guided by various laws, including the Land Act, 2012, the Law of Contract Act, and the Land Registration Act, 2012. This document will outline the recommended provisions for a Real Estate Option Agreement in Kenya, citing relevant legal sources.

Table of Contents

  1. Legal Framework

    • 1.1 Land Act, 2012

    • 1.2 Law of Contract Act

    • 1.3 Land Registration Act, 2012

  2. Key Provisions in a Real Estate Option Agreement

    • 2.1 Identification of Parties

    • 2.2 Description of the Property

    • 2.3 Option Fee

    • 2.4 Purchase Price

    • 2.5 Option Period

    • 2.6 Terms and Conditions

    • 2.7 Due Diligence

    • 2.8 Default and Remedies

    • 2.9 Governing Law

    • 2.10 Signatures and Execution

  3. Conclusion

1. Legal Framework

1.1 Land Act, 2012

The Land Act, 2012, provides the legal framework for land transactions in Kenya. It outlines the procedures for the sale, lease, and transfer of land, ensuring that all transactions are conducted transparently and fairly.

  • Section 38: This section deals with the transfer of land and the requirements for a valid transfer.

  • Section 39: This section outlines the procedures for the registration of land transactions.

1.2 Law of Contract Act

The Law of Contract Act governs the formation and enforcement of contracts in Kenya. It ensures that all contracts, including real estate option agreements, meet the necessary legal requirements to be enforceable.

  • Section 3: This section stipulates that contracts for the sale of land must be in writing and signed by all parties involved.

1.3 Land Registration Act, 2012

The Land Registration Act, 2012, provides the procedures for the registration of land and property transactions in Kenya. It ensures that all land transactions are properly recorded and legally binding.

  • Section 24: This section outlines the effect of registration on land ownership and interests.

  • Section 25: This section deals with the rights of a registered proprietor.

2. Key Provisions in a Real Estate Option Agreement

2.1 Identification of Parties

The agreement should clearly identify the parties involved, including their full names, addresses, and contact information.

  • Seller: The current owner of the property.

  • Buyer: The potential purchaser who is being granted the option to buy the property.

2.2 Description of the Property

A detailed description of the property should be included, specifying its location, size, and any other relevant details.

  • Land Registration Act, 2012, Section 24: Ensures that the property is accurately described and registered.

2.3 Option Fee

The agreement should specify the option fee, which is the amount paid by the buyer to the seller for the exclusive right to purchase the property within the option period.

  • Law of Contract Act, Section 3: Ensures that the payment terms are clearly outlined and agreed upon by both parties.

2.4 Purchase Price

The predetermined purchase price for the property should be clearly stated in the agreement.

  • Land Act, 2012, Section 38: Ensures that the purchase price is agreed upon and documented.

2.5 Option Period

The agreement should specify the duration of the option period, during which the buyer has the exclusive right to purchase the property.

  • Land Act, 2012, Section 39: Outlines the procedures for the registration of the option period.

2.6 Terms and Conditions

The agreement should include any terms and conditions that must be met for the option to be exercised, such as obtaining financing or completing due diligence.

  • Law of Contract Act, Section 3: Ensures that all terms and conditions are clearly outlined and agreed upon by both parties.

2.7 Due Diligence

The agreement should allow the buyer to conduct due diligence on the property, including inspections, surveys, and title searches.

  • Land Registration Act, 2012, Section 25: Ensures that the buyer has the right to conduct due diligence and verify the property's title and ownership.

2.8 Default and Remedies

The agreement should outline the consequences of default by either party and the remedies available, such as forfeiture of the option fee or specific performance.

  • Law of Contract Act, Section 3: Ensures that the consequences of default and available remedies are clearly outlined and agreed upon by both parties.

2.9 Governing Law

The agreement should specify that it is governed by the laws of Kenya.

  • Law of Contract Act, Section 3: Ensures that the governing law is clearly stated and agreed upon by both parties.

2.10 Signatures and Execution

The agreement should be signed by all parties involved and properly executed to be legally binding.

  • Law of Contract Act, Section 3: Ensures that the agreement is in writing and signed by all parties to be enforceable.

Conclusion

A Real Estate Option Agreement is a valuable tool in real estate transactions, providing the buyer with the exclusive right to purchase a property within a specified period. In Kenya, such agreements must comply with the Land Act, 2012, the Law of Contract Act, and the Land Registration Act, 2012. By including the recommended provisions outlined above, parties can ensure that their agreement is legally binding and enforceable, protecting their interests and facilitating a smooth transaction.

Answered by mwakili.com